:root{--ink:#242e37;--muted:#64707c;--blue:#2b5b7c;--blue-dark:#173f5d;--line:#e1e6ea;--wash:#f4f7fa;--paper:#fff;--serif:Georgia,'Times New Roman','Songti SC',SimSun,serif;--sans:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI','PingFang SC','Microsoft YaHei',Arial,sans-serif}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:16px;line-height:1.75;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{color:var(--blue);text-decoration:none;text-underline-offset:4px}a:hover{text-decoration:underline;color:var(--blue-dark)}button{font:inherit;cursor:pointer}button,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #467da5;outline-offset:5px;border-radius:2px}[hidden]{display:none!important}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}svg{flex:none}code{font-size:.9em;background:#eaf0f5;padding:.12em .3em;border-radius:3px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.skip-link{position:fixed;top:-100px;left:16px;padding:8px 16px;background:var(--blue);color:white;z-index:9}.skip-link:focus{top:12px;color:white}
.masthead{border-top:4px solid var(--blue);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.masthead-inner{max-width:1216px;margin:auto;padding:27px 32px 24px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:32px}.site-title{color:var(--ink);line-height:1.3;font-size:21px;font-weight:650;flex:0 1 260px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.site-title:hover{text-decoration:none;color:var(--blue)}.site-subtitle{display:block;font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.16em;color:var(--muted);margin-top:7px;font-weight:500}.primary-nav{display:flex;gap:29px;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center}.primary-nav a{display:flex;flex-direction:column;color:#53606a;line-height:1.5;position:relative;padding:3px 0 5px;white-space:nowrap}.primary-nav a span:first-child{font-size:15px;font-weight:600}.primary-nav a span:last-child{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted)}.primary-nav a:hover{text-decoration:none;color:var(--blue)}.primary-nav a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--blue)}.primary-nav a[aria-current=page]:after{content:'';position:absolute;height:2px;background:var(--blue);left:0;right:0;bottom:-26px}
.template-tools{background:var(--wash);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.template-tools-inner{max-width:1216px;margin:auto;padding:11px 32px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:18px;font-size:13px;color:#5d6c79}.template-tools-inner p{margin:0;display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap}.template-label{color:var(--blue);font-size:12px;letter-spacing:.05em;border-right:1px solid #d2dce5;padding-right:14px;font-weight:600}.template-actions{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:22px;flex:none}.template-actions button{background:none;border:0;padding:4px 0;color:var(--blue);font-size:14px;min-height:36px}.template-actions button:hover{text-decoration:underline}.template-actions button span{margin-left:3px}.filling-guide{max-width:1152px;margin:0 auto;padding:22px 0 26px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.guide-heading h2{font-size:19px;margin-bottom:5px}.guide-heading p{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:20px}.guide-table-wrap{overflow-x:auto}.guide-table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:left;font-size:14px;background:white}.guide-table th,.guide-table td{padding:12px 14px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top}.guide-table th{font-weight:600;color:var(--blue);background:#edf2f6}.guide-table td:first-child{white-space:nowrap}.guide-bottom{font-size:13px;margin:20px 0 0;color:var(--muted)}.download-link{display:inline-block;margin:8px 0 0 12px;font-size:14px;font-weight:600}
.page-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:235px minmax(0,1fr);gap:66px;max-width:1216px;margin:0 auto;padding:60px 32px 90px;min-height:calc(100vh - 284px)}.profile{align-self:start;min-width:0}.portrait{height:154px;width:154px;border-radius:50%;margin:0 0 25px;border:1px solid #d3dee7;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#f2f6f9;outline:6px solid #fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 7px #e7edf1;color:#658197;overflow:hidden}.portrait img{display:block;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}.portrait .photo-word{font-size:16px;letter-spacing:.15em;line-height:1.5}.portrait .photo-note{font-size:12px;margin-top:7px;color:#728391}.profile-name{font-size:25px;line-height:1.3;margin:0 0 8px;font-weight:650;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.profile-name-zh{font-size:17px;font-weight:400;margin:5px 0 0;display:block;color:var(--muted)}.profile-position{font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;margin:17px 0 6px}.profile-institution{font-size:14px;line-height:1.7;margin-bottom:13px;color:var(--muted)}.profile-keywords{font-size:13px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--blue);margin:0 0 22px}.profile-links{list-style:none;padding:20px 0 0;margin:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);display:grid;gap:11px;font-size:14px}.profile-links li{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px;line-height:1.5;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.profile-links svg{width:16px;height:16px;stroke:#7b8790;fill:none;stroke-width:1.55;margin-top:3px}.profile-links a{color:#4a5e6d}.profile-links .social-missing{color:var(--muted)}.missing-badge{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-size:12px;font-weight:400;color:#777f86;background:#f0f2f4;border:1px solid #e1e5e8;border-radius:3px;padding:0 5px;margin-left:8px}.profile-fill{font-size:12px;color:#788792;line-height:1.7;border-left:2px solid #d4e0e9;margin-top:22px;padding-left:12px}
main{min-width:0}main:focus{outline:none}.page-header{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:21px;margin-bottom:28px}.page-header .eyebrow{font-size:13px;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--blue);margin-bottom:6px}.page-header h1{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:40px;line-height:1.25;letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:0;font-weight:500}.page-header .subtitle{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);margin:12px 0 0}.content-section{margin:0 0 36px}.content-section h2{font-size:21px;line-height:1.4;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 18px}.content-section h2 .zh-label{font-size:14px;font-weight:400;color:var(--muted);margin-left:10px;display:inline-block}.content-section h3{font-size:17px;margin:0 0 5px;font-weight:600;line-height:1.5}.biography p{font-size:17px;line-height:1.95;margin-bottom:22px}.biography .chinese-bio{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.9;margin-top:25px}.placeholder{color:#637a8b;background:#f1f5f8;border-bottom:1px dotted #bac9d5;padding:1px 3px;box-decoration-break:clone;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.fill-note{background:#f5f8fa;border-left:2px solid #b8cbdc;color:#687b8c;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.8;margin:18px 0 25px}.fill-note strong{font-weight:500;color:#46647b}.fill-note code{background:#e9eff4}.divider{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin:32px 0}.research-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.research-list li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:28px 1fr;gap:10px;margin-bottom:19px}.research-list .list-index{font-family:var(--serif);color:#92a4b2;font-size:18px;line-height:1.5}.research-list h3{font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 3px;font-weight:600}.research-list p{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.6;margin:0}.section-link{font-size:14px;font-weight:600;display:inline-block;margin:4px 0 0}.section-link span{margin-left:7px}.home-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:24px;margin-top:30px;padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.example-label{font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;display:inline-block;background:#ecf2f6;color:#687d8f;padding:3px 7px;margin:0 0 16px;border-radius:3px}
.download-row{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 22px}.pdf-button{display:inline-flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;border:1px solid #cad7e0;padding:9px 15px;border-radius:3px;font-size:14px;min-height:42px;background:#fff;color:var(--blue)}.pdf-button:hover{background:#f5f8fb;text-decoration:none}.pdf-button.unavailable{color:#7e8790;border-color:#e0e5e9;background:#fafbfc;cursor:default}.pdf-button small{font-size:12px;color:#89939c}.timeline{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.timeline li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:125px minmax(0,1fr);gap:23px;border-top:1px solid #edf0f2;padding:21px 0}.timeline li:first-child{border-top:0;padding-top:0}.timeline .period{font-size:13px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted)}.timeline h3{font-size:17px;margin:0 0 5px}.timeline p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;margin:0 0 4px}.timeline .detail{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.75}.paper-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;counter-reset:papers}.paper{counter-increment:papers;position:relative;padding:0 0 24px 32px;margin:0 0 24px;border-bottom:1px solid #edf0f2}.paper:last-child{margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:0}.paper:before{content:'[' counter(papers) ']';position:absolute;left:0;top:2px;color:#8a9aa7;font-size:13px}.paper-title{font-size:17px;line-height:1.6;font-weight:600;margin:0 0 7px}.paper-authors{font-size:15px;color:#535f69;margin:0 0 4px}.paper-venue{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);margin:0}.paper-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:14px;margin-top:8px;font-size:13px}.paper-links a{font-weight:500}.paper-hint{color:#8b969e;font-size:12px;margin:7px 0 0}.list-simple{padding-left:20px;font-size:15px}.list-simple li{margin:10px 0}.grant-meta{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin-top:7px}.grant-status{font-size:12px;color:#7a8995}.course-list{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.course-list li{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:22px 0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:125px minmax(0,1fr);gap:23px}.course-list li:first-child{padding-top:0;border-top:0}.course-term{color:var(--muted);font-size:13px}.course-meta{color:var(--muted);font-size:14px;margin:5px 0}.course-description{font-size:15px;margin:7px 0}.contact-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:28px 38px}.contact-grid h2{font-size:17px;margin-bottom:10px}.contact-grid p{font-size:15px;margin:0;color:#52616d;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.contact-full{grid-column:1/-1}.contact-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:13px 25px;font-size:15px}.empty-section{color:var(--muted);font-size:15px;font-style:italic}
.site-footer{max-width:1152px;margin:0 auto;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:25px 0 28px;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px;color:#88939b;font-size:12px;line-height:1.7}.site-footer p{margin:0}.site-footer a{color:#71889a}.site-footer #last-updated{margin-left:18px}.hints-hidden .fill-note,.hints-hidden .profile-fill{display:none}.final-mode .fill-note,.final-mode .profile-fill,.final-mode .template-footer,.final-mode .template-tools{display:none}
.timeline .activity-role{display:inline-block;margin:5px 0 0;padding:2px 9px;background:var(--wash);color:var(--blue);font-size:12px;border-radius:3px}
@media(min-width:1100px){.profile{position:sticky;top:35px}}
@media(max-width:1020px){.masthead-inner{padding-left:28px;padding-right:28px;gap:20px}.primary-nav{gap:22px}.site-title{flex-basis:220px}.page-layout{gap:40px;grid-template-columns:210px minmax(0,1fr);padding-left:28px;padding-right:28px}.template-tools-inner{padding-left:28px;padding-right:28px}.site-footer,.filling-guide{margin-left:28px;margin-right:28px}.template-tools-inner p>span:last-child{font-size:12px}.template-actions{gap:14px}.contact-grid{gap:24px}}
@media(max-width:780px){.masthead-inner{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:0;gap:20px}.site-title{flex:auto;font-size:20px}.site-subtitle{font-size:12px;margin-top:5px}.primary-nav{width:100%;justify-content:space-between;gap:8px;padding-bottom:14px}.primary-nav a[aria-current=page]:after{bottom:-14px}.primary-nav a span:first-child{font-size:14px}.primary-nav a span:last-child{font-size:12px}.template-tools-inner{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:6px;padding-top:10px;padding-bottom:9px}.template-tools-inner p{gap:9px}.template-actions{gap:23px}.template-label{padding-right:9px}.page-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:35px;padding-top:32px;padding-bottom:50px}.profile{display:grid;grid-template-columns:110px minmax(0,1fr);gap:0 25px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:27px;position:static}.portrait{height:100px;width:100px;margin:4px 0 15px;grid-column:1;grid-row:1/3}.portrait .photo-word{font-size:13px}.portrait .photo-note{font-size:12px}.profile-summary{grid-column:2;grid-row:1}.profile-name{font-size:23px}.profile-name-zh{font-size:15px;margin-top:4px}.profile-position{margin-top:10px;font-size:14px}.profile-institution{margin-bottom:6px;font-size:13px}.profile-keywords{margin-bottom:0;font-size:12px}.profile-links{grid-column:1/-1;border:0;padding:20px 0 0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 20px;font-size:13px}.profile-links li{max-width:100%;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.profile-fill{grid-column:1/-1;margin-top:18px;margin-bottom:0}.page-header h1{font-size:35px}.page-header{padding-bottom:18px;margin-bottom:24px}.page-header .eyebrow{font-size:12px}.biography p{font-size:16px}.content-section h2{font-size:20px}.site-footer{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;padding-top:20px}.guide-table{min-width:610px}.filling-guide{padding-top:20px}.guide-bottom{line-height:1.9}.download-link{display:block;margin-left:0}}
@media(max-width:440px){.masthead-inner,.template-tools-inner{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.page-layout{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.site-footer,.filling-guide{margin-left:20px;margin-right:20px}.primary-nav{column-gap:14px;row-gap:14px;justify-content:flex-start;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.primary-nav a[aria-current=page]:after{bottom:-5px;right:auto;width:30px}.primary-nav a{min-height:42px}.profile{grid-template-columns:88px minmax(0,1fr);column-gap:21px}.portrait{width:82px;height:82px}.portrait .photo-word{font-size:12px}.portrait .photo-note{font-size:12px}.profile-name{font-size:21px}.template-tools-inner p>span:last-child{line-height:1.65;display:block}.template-tools-inner p{gap:5px}.template-label{font-size:12px}.timeline li,.course-list li{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:6px}.contact-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.contact-full{grid-column:1}.page-header h1{font-size:33px}.paper{padding-left:28px}.home-links{gap:16px}.site-footer #last-updated{display:block;margin-left:0}.guide-table{font-size:13px}.profile-links{gap:10px 15px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}
@media print{.template-tools,.fill-note,.profile-fill,.template-footer,.primary-nav,.home-links,.skip-link{display:none!important}.masthead{border-top:0}.page-layout{padding:25px 0;grid-template-columns:190px 1fr;gap:30px}.profile{position:static}.page-header h1{font-size:30px}.site-footer{margin:0}.placeholder{background:none}a{color:inherit}.page{break-inside:auto}}
/* English navigation */
.primary-nav a {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.primary-nav a[aria-current="page"]:after {
  bottom: -7px;
}

/* Personal photographs */
.life-photos {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
  align-items: start;
}

.life-photo {
  margin: 0;
  min-width: 0;
}

.life-photo a {
  display: block;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--wash);
}

.life-photo img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.life-photo figcaption {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-top: 10px;
}

/* Paper descriptions */
.paper-summary {
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.8;
  margin: 12px 0 0;
  color: #4d5d69;
  white-space: pre-line;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

/* Academic experience groups */
.experience-group + .experience-group {
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.content-section .experience-group-title {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--blue);
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.timeline h4 {
  font-size: 17px;
  margin: 0 0 5px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.timeline li.undated {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
}

/* Mobile layout */
@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .primary-nav a {
    font-size: 14px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .life-photos {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 20px;
  }
}

@media print {
  .life-photo,
  .paper {
    break-inside: avoid;
  }
}
/* Blue and white academic theme */

:root {
  --ink: #24364a;
  --muted: #5f7184;
  --blue: #245b8c;
  --blue-dark: #153f66;
  --line: #d6e3f0;
  --wash: #eef5fc;
  --paper: #ffffff;
}

/* Light blue page background */
body {
  background: linear-gradient(
    110deg,
    #e4effb 0%,
    #f7fbff 50%,
    #eaf3fd 100%
  );
}

/* Dark blue navigation */
.masthead {
  background: #193f67;
  border-top: 4px solid #a9c8e8;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #294f75;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 15px rgba(23, 63, 101, 0.08);
}

.masthead .site-title,
.masthead .site-title:hover {
  color: #ffffff;
}

.masthead .site-subtitle {
  color: #c9dced;
}

.masthead .primary-nav a {
  color: #d9e8f6;
}

.masthead .primary-nav a:hover,
.masthead .primary-nav a[aria-current="page"] {
  color: #ffffff;
}

.masthead .primary-nav a[aria-current="page"]:after {
  background: #9cc9f3;
}

/* Space between the sidebar and main content */
.page-layout {
  grid-template-columns: 252px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 30px;
  padding-top: 38px;
  padding-bottom: 56px;
  align-items: start;
}

/* Pale blue personal profile */
.profile {
  padding: 26px 22px;
  background: linear-gradient(
    180deg,
    #e4effa 0%,
    #f1f7fd 100%
  );
  border: 1px solid #cddff0;
  border-radius: 14px;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(23, 63, 101, 0.04);
}

.portrait {
  outline: 5px solid #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 6px #caddec;
}

.profile-links {
  border-top-color: #cddff0;
}

/* White main content card */
#main {
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 34px 38px;
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #d7e4f0;
  border-radius: 14px;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 32px rgba(23, 63, 101, 0.045);
}

/* Pale blue heading band */
.page-header {
  margin: -34px -38px 28px;
  padding: 28px 38px 22px;
  background: #f0f6fd;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #dce8f3;
  border-radius: 14px 14px 0 0;
}

.page-header h1 {
  color: #153f66;
}

.content-section h2 {
  color: #244f77;
}

/* Alternating white and pale blue research interests */
.research-list li {
  padding: 12px 14px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.research-list li:nth-child(even) {
  background: #f0f6fd;
}

.research-list .list-index {
  color: #7393b0;
}

/* Download buttons and photographs */
.pdf-button {
  background: #edf5fd;
  border-color: #c7dced;
}

.pdf-button:hover {
  background: #deecf8;
  border-color: #a8c6e2;
}

.life-photo a {
  background: #ffffff;
  border-color: #ccdeed;
  border-radius: 10px;
}

.site-footer {
  color: #607c96;
  border-top-color: #c8dbed;
}

/* Smaller desktop and tablet screens */
@media (max-width: 1020px) {
  .page-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 220px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 24px;
  }

  .profile {
    padding: 24px 18px;
  }

  #main {
    padding: 28px;
  }

  .page-header {
    margin: -28px -28px 24px;
    padding: 24px 28px 20px;
  }
}

/* Single-column layout */
@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .page-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 24px;
    padding-top: 24px;
    padding-bottom: 36px;
  }

  .profile {
    padding: 24px;
  }

  #main {
    padding: 26px;
  }

  .page-header {
    margin: -26px -26px 24px;
    padding: 24px 26px 20px;
  }
}

/* Small phones */
@media (max-width: 440px) {
  .page-layout {
    padding-left: 14px;
    padding-right: 14px;
    gap: 18px;
  }

  .profile {
    padding: 20px 16px;
  }

  #main {
    padding: 24px 20px;
  }

  .page-header {
    margin: -24px -20px 22px;
    padding: 22px 20px 18px;
  }
}

/* Clean printing */
@media print {
  body,
  .masthead,
  .profile,
  #main,
  .page-header {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
  }

  .masthead .site-title,
  .masthead .site-subtitle {
    color: #24364a;
  }

  .page-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 190px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 30px;
    padding: 25px 0;
  }

  .profile,
  #main {
    padding: 0;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 0;
  }

  .page-header {
    margin: 0 0 20px;
    padding: 0 0 14px;
  }
}
/* Remove alternating backgrounds from research interests */
.research-list li:nth-child(even) {
  background: transparent;
}